Writing, particularly in English, has always been a crucial skill that connects people across the globe. While our native languages may differ, English often serves as the universal bridge for communication. The ability to write effectively in English is vital for success in both academic and professional fields. However, mastering English writing proved particularly challenging, especially for non-native speakers. Writing involves more than just stringing words together; it requires organising thoughts, applying proper grammar, and forming clear, coherent sentences.
A study titled “Exploration of Factors Causing Difficulties in Students’ Writing Skills,” published in the World Journal of English Language, examined students’ challenges when learning to write in English. This research, led by Associate Professor Dr Ng Miew Luan, Dean of the Faculty of Education and Liberal Arts at INTI International University, involved 110 secondary school students from Sire Secondary School in Ethiopia. The study identified four key factors that hindered students’ ability to develop strong English writing skills: issues related to the students themselves, the influence of teachers, the overall learning environment, and the quality of textbooks.
Associate Professor Dr Ng Miew Luan, Dean of the Faculty of Education and Liberal Arts at INTI International University, believes that enhancing writing capabilities is crucial not only for academic improvement but also for empowering the next generation to communicate, innovate, and lead effectively on a global scale.
Student-Related Factors
One of the most significant challenges in improving writing skills lies with the students. The study found that motivation and prior knowledge were critical in how well students performed in writing tasks. Dr Ng highlighted, “Students with high intrinsic motivation and strong background knowledge tended to perform better in writing tasks.” Many students who had grown up speaking and writing in their native languages found English challenging, which dampened their interest and motivation to write in a different language. Additionally, some students felt that their writing skills were primarily self-driven or that the teaching methods used in schools were not well-suited to their learning styles.
Teacher-Related Factors
The study also highlighted teachers’ crucial role in shaping students’ writing abilities. Dr Ng emphasised the importance of tailored feedback and personalised instruction: “Smaller class sizes and frequent corrective feedback could greatly enhance students’ writing proficiency.” This suggested that educational institutions should consider structural changes allowing smaller class sizes, enabling teachers to provide more individualised attention. Such environments were more conducive to learning and, in this context, led to better outcomes in developing English writing skills. The study further presented valuable data regarding the influence of a teacher’s feedback and guidance on students’ writing skills.
Learning Environment-Related Factors
The overall learning environment was another critical factor influencing students’ writing development. The study identified key elements such as access to classroom resources, opportunities for practice, and the general learning atmosphere as significant contributors to students’ success in writing. Effective language learning requires more than just listening to a teacher’s instructions; it involves active engagement, with students practising their language skills through interaction with peers and real-world applications.
Textbook-Related Factors
The study also explored the role of textbooks and curricula in developing writing skills. The constant evolution of education and growing technological advancements called for the relevance and quality of books and curricula as a factor. The study noted that deficiency in vocabulary also resulted in difficulties in achieving writing proficiency among students, which served as the foundation for developing efficient writing skills. Tools such as electronic dictionaries and additional reading activities in class could help students expand their vocabulary, making it easier for them to express their ideas clearly and effectively in writing.
Despite the critical importance of writing as a means of communication, knowledge sharing, and self-expression, many students worldwide struggle with writing effectively. Dr Ng added, “Most students did not pay attention to their writing skills, and students truly experienced a great deal of difficulty while attempting to express themselves in logical English.” To address these challenges, Dr Ng suggested that English teachers be well-trained and that school administrations address overcrowded classrooms to provide a more supportive learning environment.
In today’s educational landscape, this study’s findings resonated with ongoing discussions about the need for educational reform to address issues that hinder student development. The recent COVID-19 pandemic further exposed these challenges, particularly with students’ motivation and increasing dependence on digital materials. As educators and policymakers navigated these issues, it was crucial to address these foundational problems to ensure that all students, regardless of their backgrounds, had the opportunity to succeed.
As educators and policymakers navigate the issue of writing in English, urgent action is needed to address the fundamental problems and ensure that all students, regardless of their backgrounds, can succeed.
Dr Ng concluded, “Investing in developing students’ writing skills is not just about improving academic performance; it is about empowering the next generation to communicate, innovate, and lead effectively on a global stage.”